單詞乃是英語學(xué)習(xí)之中的基礎(chǔ)，只有認(rèn)識(shí)了大量的單詞，同學(xué)們才能夠?qū)W好英語，因此同學(xué)們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候一定要能夠背誦單詞。下面是小編為大家整理的有關(guān)高二英語必修五會(huì)考知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理，希望對(duì)你們有幫助!

高二英語必修五會(huì)考知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理1

一、過去分詞

過去分詞兼有動(dòng)詞、副詞和形容詞的特征，可以帶賓語或受狀語修飾。過去分詞和賓語或狀語一起構(gòu)成過去分詞短語。它在句中可以作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語或狀語。這節(jié)課講解作定語、表語的用法。

1. 作定語

作定語的過去分詞如果是單詞，一般放在被修飾詞的前面;過去分詞短語作定語，一般放在被修飾詞的后面。例如：

There are many fallen leaves on the ground.

This is a book written by a worker.

2. 作表語

過去分詞作表語,多表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。

I was pleased at the news.

The door remained locked.

過去分詞作表語，相當(dāng)于形容詞，常見的有：delighted, disappointed, astonished, interested, satisfied, surprised, tired, worried, excited, married 等。

過去分詞作表語時(shí)，應(yīng)注意與被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀態(tài)或具有的性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn);被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)作。

The small village is surrounded by trees.(狀態(tài))

The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(動(dòng)作)

I'm interested in chess.(狀態(tài))

3. 過去分詞做狀語

①表時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可加連詞 when 或 while 來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.

Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.

②表原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。

Exhausted, the children fell asleep at once.

Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.

③表?xiàng)l件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句，有時(shí)過去分詞前可用 if 等詞

Heated, water changes into steam.

Given another chance, he will do better.

④表讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。

Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.

⑤表伴隨，說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。

Surrounded by a group of pupils, the old teacher walked into the classroom.

The trainer appeared, followed by five little dogs.

倒裝句：

一、here, there, now, then, thus 等副詞置于句首, 謂語動(dòng)詞常用 be, come, go, lie, run。

There goes the bell. 鈴聲響了。

Then came the chairman. _來了。

Here is your letter. 你的信。

二、否定詞置于句首，句子應(yīng)進(jìn)行倒裝。 neither 放句首

Tod can't swim, neither can I. 托德不會(huì)游泳，我也不會(huì)。

用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, not only, not once, many a time 等詞開頭的句子。

Never shall I go there again. 我再也不去那了。

Little did he know who the woman was.他基本上不知道那女人是誰。

Seldom was he late for class.他很少上學(xué)遲到。

用于 no sooner ... than ..., hardly... when... 和 not until... 的句型中

Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. 我剛到車站,火車就離開了。

No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang. 她剛離開,電話就響了。

Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 直到老師來，他才完成作業(yè)。

三、用于 only 放句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句的句子。

Only in this way can you master English well. 只有這種方法，你才能學(xué)好英語。

Only that time did he do his homework. 直到哪個(gè)時(shí)間，他才做作業(yè)。

Only when he told me did I realize what trouble I was in.

省略句：

一、省略的目的

省略多見于非正式文體，尤其在對(duì)話中，省略是一種普遍的現(xiàn)象。英語中的省略一般說來有三個(gè)目的：

1.避免重復(fù)，減少累贅。省略的主要目的是避免重復(fù)，去掉不必要的累贅和繁瑣。

Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day.

Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't.

(省掉最后九個(gè)詞，句子簡潔了許多)

2.連接緊密，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊 省略也是使上下文緊密連接的一種修辭手段。

John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998.(Bob 后省略了 was the winner，句子結(jié)構(gòu)顯得比較緊湊)

3.強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)，突出信息 省略的另一作用是突出新的信息

Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud.后一分句省略謂語 speaks，突出了 too loud)

二、句子成分的省略

為了避免重復(fù)，或者為了使某一內(nèi)容引人注目，可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不變。

1.省略主語

Beg your pardon.請(qǐng)你原諒。(= I beg your pardon.))

Serves you right. 你活該(= It serves you right.)

2.省略謂語

Anything the matter? 要緊嗎?(= Is anything the matter?)

The river was deep and the ice thin. 河很深，冰很薄。

(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)

3.省略表語

Are you ready? Yes,I am.(am 后面省略了表語 ready)

4.省略賓語

We have to analyze and solve problems. (analyze 后省略了賓語 problems)

Let's do the dishes. I'll wash and you'll dry.(wash 和 dry 后面省略了賓語 dishes)

5.省略定語

He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.(the rest 后面省略了定語 of the money)

6.省略狀語

(Even)The wisest man cannot know everything.

省略在句子中的應(yīng)用

在一個(gè)句子中，省略可分為依賴上下文省略和不依賴上下文省略兩種。前者省略的部分可在句子中找到，但后者可能找不到。

1.簡單句中的省略

依賴上下文的省略在對(duì)話中最為常用。

Like more beer?(= Would you like more beer?)

—World you mind if I used your telephone?

—Not at all. 一點(diǎn)也不。

(= I do not mind at all.)

—Will he pass this examination?

Probably. 大概會(huì)的。(= He will probably pass the examination.)

不依賴于上下文的省略。

All aboard! 請(qǐng)上船(= All go aboard.省略謂語)

Haven't seen you for ages!(省略主語 I)

What about having a game of chess?

Sounds like a good idea.

2.并列句中的省略

(=It sounds like a good idea. 省略主語)

Everybody appears well prepared.

(= Everybady appears to be well prepared. 省略不定式 to be)

并列句中如果前后分句有相同的部分，常?？梢允÷缘簦员苊庵貜?fù)。通常被省略的可以是主語、謂語、賓語或其他萬分，或句子萬分的一部分。

省略出現(xiàn)在后一分句

John likes collecting stamps but (John) hates listening to music.(省略主語)

省略出現(xiàn)在前一分句

We can (win tomorrow's match), and certainly will,win tomorrow's match.

我們能夠，而且一定會(huì)在明天的比賽中獲勝。(前一分句省略謂語 + 賓語)

前后兩個(gè)分句都出現(xiàn)省略

They can (pay the full fee ) and (they)should pay the full fee.

復(fù)合句中的省略

在主從復(fù)合句中，活力的現(xiàn)象是很普遍的。

省略主句的句首部分。(I'm)Sorry I couldn't go.

省略整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分(回答問題時(shí)常用)。

(It is a)Pity he's failed.

If he says he'll come, he will(come).

3.在一些狀語從句中，如果謂語動(dòng)詞是 be，主語又和主句的主語一致，或者主語是 it，常?？梢园褟木渲械闹髡Z和 be 省略掉。

以 when, while, once, until 等連詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。

When (you are) in Rome do as Rome does.入國問禁，入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。

4.在比較從句中通常把和主句重復(fù)的部分省掉。

省略謂語的全部

James enjoys the theeartre more than Susun.

Tom has as many books as Jack.

省略主語和謂語的一部分

Brown speaks French as fluently as English. (as 后省略了 he speaks)省略表語部分

Mrs White is not so young as she looks.(looks 后省略了 young)

省略主語和謂語的大部分，保留狀語

He is working harder than before.(than 后省略了 he worked hard)

省略主語

He drank a little more than was good for him.(than 后省略了 it)省略賓語

You spent more money than I had expected.(expected 后省略了that you should spend)

省略從句的全部

You are getting slimmer. simmer 后省略了than you were before)

主句和從句中可同時(shí)省略一些成分。

The sooner (this is done), the better(it will be).

高二英語必修五會(huì)考知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理2

1. consist of = be made up of 由……組成 (沒有進(jìn)行時(shí))

e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

=Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.

2. 區(qū)別:

? separate ... from (把聯(lián)合在一起或靠近的人或物分離出來)

? divide...into 把…分開 (把整體分為若干部分)

e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups.

The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.

3. debate about sth.

e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days.

debate /argue/ quarrel

4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清;闡明;清楚;明了

e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation.

Can you clarify the question?

5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 連接

【習(xí)慣用語】★ link A to B 將A和B連接起來

6. refer to

1)提及，指的是……

e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?

2) 參考;查閱;詢問

e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.

Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.

3) 關(guān)系到;關(guān)乎

e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.

This rule refers to everyone.

reference: n. 參考 e.g. reference books 參考書

7. to one's surprise (prep)

“to one's + 名詞” 表 “令某人……”

常見的名詞有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等

e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.

To John's great relief they reached the house at last.

8. ... found themselves united peacefully

“find +賓語+賓補(bǔ)( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介詞短語;不定式)”

e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.

You'll find him easy to get along with.

They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.

When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.

I called on him yesterday, but I found him out.

9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….

e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.

get + n. + to do

get + n. + doing

You'll get her to agree.

I'll get the car going.

get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然發(fā)生，意為“被…….”

e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street.

10. break away (from sb / sth) 脫離;破除…

e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits.

The man broke away from his guards.

break down (會(huì)談)破裂，失敗;(汽車等)出故障;(人的健康狀況)變得惡劣;(情感)失控

e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning.

His health broke down under the pressure of work.

He broke down and wept when he heard the news.

Talks between the two countries have completely broken down.

? break in 闖入;打岔

? break off 中斷，折斷

? break into 闖入

? break out 爆發(fā);發(fā)生

? break up 驅(qū)散;分散，拆散

11. as well as 不僅…而且;既…又…

e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer.

The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the street.

12. convenience: n.方便;便利(convenient: adj. )

e.g. We bought this house for its convenience.

13. attraction: (attract: v.)

1). 吸引;引力(不可數(shù) n.) e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力

2). 吸引人的東西;喜聞樂見的東西;精彩節(jié)目(可數(shù) n.)

He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day.

A big city offers many and varied attractions.

What are the principle attractions this evening?

14. influence

1) v. 對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching?

2)可數(shù)n. 產(chǎn)生影響的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school.

3) (不可數(shù)n.) 影響 e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.

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