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《新概念英語》第三冊到底有多難?

第1-20課

Texts	LexileMeasures(L)	MeanSentenceLength	MeanLogWordFrequency	WordCount
1	1210	21.00	3.55	273
2	820	13.26	3.69	252
3	950	14.76	3.56	251
4	1050	18.29	3.70	256
5	1070	17.71	3.59	248
6	960	15.56	3.63	249
7	960	15.25	3.59	244
8	1040	16.87	3.58	253
9	860	12.35	3.45	247
10	1090	18.21	3.59	255
11	730	10.68	3.51	267
12	930	15.18	3.66	258
13	870	15.81	3.89	253
14	1240	22.64	3.62	249
15	1050	16.38	3.50	262
16	890	14.82	3.72	252
17	1020	15.75	3.50	252
18	880	12.55	3.43	251
19	880	14.11	3.65	254
20	930	14.88	3.62	253

第21-40課

Texts	LexileMeasures(L)	MeanSentenceLength	MeanLogWordFrequency	WordCount
21	940	14.96	3.61	344
22	920	14.79	3.64	355
23	1000	17.00	3.69	357
24	1120	15.48	3.21	356
25	1000	17.43	3.74	366
26	1070	15.86	3.38	349
27	1120	18.26	3.52	347
28	1100	18.20	3.57	364
29	950	15.39	3.63	354
30	880	14.40	3.69	360
31	1000	16.57	3.64	348
32	1040	18.05	3.70	361
33	910	14.36	3.61	359
34	1080	16.50	3.43	363
35	1070	17.95	3.62	359
36	1090	18.60	3.63	372
37	870	13.41	3.58	362
38	1080	17.63	3.56	335
39	950	15.57	3.66	358
40	1080	17.19	3.51	361

第41-60課

Texts	LexileMeasures(L)	MeanSentenceLength	MeanLogWordFrequency	WordCount
41	1150	19.85	360.00	536
42	1080	17.86	3.58	518
43	1140	19.15	3.56	517
44	1040	16.38	3.52	524
45	1090	16.25	3.38	390
46	1110	16.81	3.39	538
47	1220	16.76	3.10	486
48	1010	15.91	3.54	541
49	1170	17.17	3.28	515
50	1150	18.89	3.51	529
51	1240	20.64	3.44	454
52	1110	17.79	3.50	516
53	1160	18.46	3.44	480
54	1100	17.30	3.47	519
55	1120	18.93	3.59	511
56	1210	21.35	3.58	491
57	950	16.30	3.74	538
58	1220	23.50	3.74	517
59	1210	20.32	3.49	508
60	1000	17.24	3.72	586

如果把每20課的測評結(jié)果進(jìn)行均值處理(數(shù)值均作了四舍五入處理)，可得出以下結(jié)果：

Texts(Lessons)	LexileMeasures(L)	MeanSentenceLength	MeanLogWordFrequency	WordCount
第1-20課	972	15.80	3.60	254
第21-40課	1014	16.38	3.58	357
第41-60課	1124	18.34	3.51	511

從這個(gè)表格可以看出，《新概念英語》第三冊的課文難度基本情況是這樣的(以下的參考數(shù)據(jù)均選自藍(lán)思分級閱讀測評體系的官網(wǎng)：www.lexile.com，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為2012年版)：

1、第1-20課的課文難度平均值為972L，說明這些課文的難度相當(dāng)于美國當(dāng)?shù)爻踔幸荒昙墝W(xué)生(即七年級)的閱讀水平(970L-1120L)，但是同齡相對閱讀能力是偏低的。

2、第21-40課的課文難度平均值為1014L，說明這些課文的難度基本相當(dāng)于美國當(dāng)?shù)爻踔卸昙墝W(xué)生(即八年級)的閱讀水平(1010L-1185L)，但是同齡相對閱讀能力是偏低的。

3、第41-60課的課文難度平均值為1124L，這個(gè)難度相當(dāng)于美國當(dāng)?shù)爻踔腥昙墝W(xué)生(九年級)的閱讀水平(1050L-1260L)，但是同齡相對閱讀能力是趨中的。

我們再來參考中國書飛網(wǎng)提供的一個(gè)參照表：

美國教育年級	美國教育級別	LEXILE級別	中國教育年級	字?jǐn)?shù)/分鐘
美國學(xué)齡前		0 to 100L	中國學(xué)齡前
美國學(xué)齡前		100L to 200L	中國小學(xué)1-3年級
美國學(xué)齡前		150L to 300L	中國小學(xué)4-6年級
美國小學(xué)1年級	1th Grade	200L to 400L	中國初中1年級	50-70
美國小學(xué)2年級	2th Grade	300L to 500L	中國初中2年級	70-100
美國小學(xué)3年級	3th Grade	500L to 700L	中國初中3年級	100-130
美國小學(xué)4年級	4th Grade	650L to 850L	中國高中1年級	130-140
美國小學(xué)5年級	5th Grade	750L to 950L	中國高中2/3年級	140-160
美國小學(xué)6年級	6th Grade	850L to 1050L	中國大學(xué)1年級	160-170
美國初中1年級	7th Grade	950L to 1075L	中國大學(xué)2年級	流利閱讀
美國初中2年級	8th Grade	1000L to 1100L	中國大學(xué)3年級
美國初中3年級	9th Grade	1050L to 1150L	中國大學(xué)4年級
美國高中1年級	10th Grade	1100L to 1200L	中國研究生1年級
美國高中2/3年級	11th and 12th Grade	1100L to 1300L	中國研究生2年級
SAT.GRE.GMAT.CAST		1300L	中國博士生

(當(dāng)然，這個(gè)對照表是否科學(xué)準(zhǔn)確尚待定論，但是可以作為一個(gè)初步的參考。)

從以上分析看來，如果從閱讀角度來看，《新概念英語》第三冊的課文難度已經(jīng)達(dá)到了中國的大學(xué)四年級的水平。然而，我們目前國內(nèi)的《新概念英語》學(xué)習(xí)者當(dāng)中，中小學(xué)生比例卻越來越大，不少正在學(xué)習(xí)第三冊的學(xué)生其實(shí)還只是初中生!

新概念英語第三冊課文翻譯及詞匯Lesson52

【課文】

My cousin, Harry, keeps a large curiously-shaped bottle on permanent display in his study. Despite the fact that the bottle is tinted a delicate shade of green, an observant visitor would soon notice that it is filled with what looks like a thick, grayish substance. If you were to ask Harry what was in the bottle, he would tell you that it contained perfumed mud. If you expressed doubt or surprise, he would immediately invite you to smell it and then to rub some into your skin. This brief experiment would dispel any further doubts you might have. The bottle really does contain perfumed mud. How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond of relating. Furthermore, the acquisition of this bottle cured him of a bad habit he had been developing for years.

Harry used to consider it a great joke to go into expensive cosmetic shops and make outrageous requests for goods that do not exist. He would invent fanciful names on the spot. On entering a shop, he would ask for a new perfume called 'Scented Shadow' or for 'insoluble bath cubes'. If a shop assistant told him she had not heard of it, he would pretend to be considerably put out. He loved to be told that one of his imaginary products was temporarily out of stock and he would faithfully promise to call again at some future date, but of course he never did. How Harry managed to keep a straight face during these performances is quite beyond me.

Harry does not need to be prompted to explain how he bought his precious bottle of mud. One day, he went to an exclusive shop in London and asked for 'Myrolite', the shop assistant looked puzzled and Harry repeated the word, slowly stressing each syllable. When the woman shook her head in bewilderment, Harry went on to explain that 'myrolite' was a hard, amber-like substance which could be used to remove freckles. This explanation evidently conveyed something to the woman who searched shelf after shelf. She produced all sorts of weird concoctions, but none of them met with Harry's requirements. When Harry put on his act of being mildly annoyed, the assistant promised to order some for him. Intoxicated by his success, Harry then asked for perfumed mud. He expected the assistant to look at him in blank astonishment. However, it was his turn to be surprised, for the woman's eyes immediately lit up and she fetched several bottles which she placed on the counter for Harry to inspect. For once, Harry had to admit defeat. He picked up what seemed to be the smallest bottle and discreetly asked the price. He was glad to get away with a mere twenty pounds and he beat a hasty retreat, clutching the precious bottle under his arm. From then on, Harry decided that this little game he had invented might prove to be expensive. The curious bottle, which now adorns the bookcase in his study, was his first and last purchase of rare cosmetics.

【課文翻譯】

我的堂兄哈里在他的書房里一直擺著一只形狀古怪的大瓶子。盡管那只瓶子呈淡綠色，但細(xì)心的客人很快就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)瓶里裝的是一種看上去黏稠，顏色發(fā)灰的東西。要是你問哈里瓶里裝著什么，他會(huì)告訴你是香水泥。如果你表示懷疑或驚奇，他會(huì)立即請你聞一聞，然后取出一些抹在你的皮膚上。這一簡單的試驗(yàn)會(huì)消除你可能存有的一切疑慮。瓶里裝的的確是香水泥。哈里如何得到這種稀奇古怪的東西的，這里有個(gè)有趣的故事，而且他挺愛把它講給別人聽。此外，得到這瓶香水泥還治好了他多年的一個(gè)壞習(xí)慣。

哈里曾認(rèn)為走進(jìn)一家名貴化妝品商店，荒.唐地提出要買一種根本不存在的商品是件開心的事兒。他會(huì)當(dāng)場編造出一些稀奇古怪的貨名。他走進(jìn)商店后，會(huì)提出要一種名叫“香影”的新型香水或什么“不溶浴皂”。要是女售貨員告訴他從未聽說過這些東西，他會(huì)裝出十分遺憾和不安的樣子。他愛聽售貨員說他想像出來的那種東西暫時(shí)脫銷，于是他就煞有介事地許諾改天再來光顧。當(dāng)然，他再也不會(huì)來了。我實(shí)在想像不出哈里在這些表演中是怎樣裝出一本正經(jīng)的樣子的。

毋須暗示哈里就會(huì)向你講起他買下那瓶珍貴香水泥的經(jīng)過。一天，他去倫敦一家高級商店要買一種叫“密諾萊特”的東西，店員露出詫異的神色。哈里又慢慢地，一字一頓說了一遍這個(gè)詞，那個(gè)女售貨員還是迷惑不解地?fù)u了搖頭。哈里便進(jìn)一步解釋“密諾萊特”是一種質(zhì)地堅(jiān)硬、狀似琥珀的東西，可以用來除去雀斑。他的解釋顯然對女售貨員有些啟示。她一個(gè)貨架接著一個(gè)貨架地尋找，拿出各種各樣稀奇古怪的化妝品，但沒有一樣能夠符合哈里的要求。哈里裝出不高興的樣子時(shí)，女售貨員答應(yīng)為他定貨。哈里為他的騙術(shù)而感到洋洋得意，又提出要買香水泥。他原想女售貨員會(huì)驚奇地望著他，不知所措，沒料到這回該輪到他自己吃驚了。因?yàn)槟桥圬泦T聽完哈里的話后，馬上眼睛一亮，拿出幾瓶東西放在柜臺(tái)上讓哈里挑選。哈里只好認(rèn)輸。他挑出一個(gè)看上去最小的瓶子，謹(jǐn)慎地問了價(jià)。他慶幸自己只破費(fèi)了20英鎊便得以脫身。他把那寶貴的瓶子放在腋下夾著，溜之大吉。從那以后，他認(rèn)識到自己發(fā)明的小小惡作劇是要付出很大的代價(jià)的。在他書房的書柜里擺著那瓶形狀古怪的香水泥就是他第一次也是最后一次購買的稀有化妝品。

【詞匯】

permanent adj. 永久的

tint v. 給……染色

delicate adj. 淡色的

shade n. 色度

observant adj. 觀察力敏銳的

greyish adj. 淺灰色的

dispel v. 驅(qū)散，消除

outlandish adj. 稀奇古怪的

acquisition n. 獲得

cosmetic n. 化妝品

outrageous adj. 無理的，令人不能容忍的

fanciful adj. 想像出來的

insoluble adj. 不可溶解的

prompt v. 敦促，激勵(lì)

exclusive adj. 專售高檔商品的

syllable n. 音節(jié)

bewilderment n. 迷惑，糊涂

freckle n. 雀斑

evidently adv. 顯然的，明顯地

weird adj. 奇異的，古怪的

concoction n. 調(diào)制品

intoxicate v. 陶醉，得意忘形

blank adj. 無表情的，茫然的

discreetly adv. 謹(jǐn)慎地

clutch v. 抓住

adorn v. 裝飾，打扮

新概念英語第三冊課文翻譯及詞匯Lesson53

【課文】

The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.

The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State. The official title of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered. The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman's work.

A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner. The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case. There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigner's complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the accusation. It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his lawyers to investigate the matter. The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions. The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in the official files. It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts. The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted. The Ombudsman's prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.

【課文翻譯】

斯堪的納維亞半島各國實(shí)行開明的社會(huì)政策，受到全世界的推崇。在瑞典，已逐漸形成了一種完善的制度以保護(hù)每個(gè)公民不受專橫的和不稱職的政府官員的欺壓。由于這種制度行之有效，已被其他國家采納。

是瑞典人首先認(rèn)識到政府工作人員如文職人員、警官、衛(wèi)生稽查員、稅務(wù)人員等等也會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤或者自以為在為公眾服務(wù)而把事情做過了頭。早在1809年，瑞典論會(huì)就建立一個(gè)保護(hù)公民利益的制度。議會(huì)內(nèi)有一個(gè)代表各政黨利益的委員會(huì)，由它委派一位稱職的人選專門調(diào)查個(gè)人對國家的意見。此人官銜為“司法特派員”，但瑞典人一般管他叫“J.O.”，即“司法特派員”。司法特派員不受任何政治壓力的制約。他聽取社會(huì)各階層的各種大小意見，并進(jìn)行調(diào)查。由于意見均需用書面形式提出，司法特派員每年平均收到1,200封信。他有8位律師作他的助手協(xié)助工作，每封信都詳細(xì)批閱。司法特派員的工作沒有什么秘密可言，他的信件是公開的，供公眾監(jiān)督。如果公民的意見正確，司法特派員便為他伸張正義。司法特員采取的行動(dòng)因意見的性質(zhì)不同而有所不同。他可以善意地批評某位官員，也可以甚至向議會(huì)提議修改某項(xiàng)法律。下述事件是司法特派員工作的一個(gè)典型例子。

一個(gè)住在瑞典鄉(xiāng)村的外國人寫信給司法特派員，抱怨說他受到警察的虐待，原因就是因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)外國人。司法特派員立即寫信給當(dāng)?shù)鼐炀珠L，請他寄送與此事有關(guān)的材料。材料中沒有任何文字記載證明外國人所說的情況符合事實(shí)，警察局長矢口否認(rèn)這一指控。司法特派員難以處理。但是，當(dāng)他又收到住在同一村莊的另一個(gè)外國人寫的一封內(nèi)容類似的投訴信時(shí)，他立即派出一位律師前去調(diào)查。律師證實(shí)有個(gè)警察確實(shí)多次粗魯?shù)貙Υ鈬恕＞炱缫曂鈬说氖略诠俜綑n案中不可能加以記載，司法特派員只有派他的代表去核對事實(shí)才能了解真相。當(dāng)事的警察受到嚴(yán)厲的斥責(zé)，并被告知，如果再有人投訴他，他將受到起訴。司法特派員及時(shí)采取的行動(dòng)，迅速制止了這一起不愉快的事件，不然這件事可能因未得到人們注意而不了了之。

【詞匯】

evolve v. 逐漸形成

high-handed adj. 高壓的，專橫的

incompetent adj. 不夠格的，不稱職的

over-zealously adv. 過分熱情地

safeguard v. 保護(hù)

parliamentary adj. 國會(huì)的

qalified adj. 合格的

grievance n. 不平，冤屈

Justiteombudsman n. (瑞典的)司法特派員

ombudsman n. (瑞典和英國的)司法特派員

secretive adj. 保密的

correspondence n. 來往信件

alter v. 改變

accusation n. 譴責(zé)，指控

ascertain v. 查出，查明

prejudiced adj. 有偏見的，不公平的

prompt adj. 即時(shí)的

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